S
there are four types of orbitals:
s: shaped like a
an e level can contain only s orbital, making up the "s sublevel".
p :
shaped like
an elevel can contain_ p orbitals, making up the “p sublevel".
d: shaped like double dumbbells
an e level can containe d orbitals, making up the "d sublevel".
too complex to draw or describe
an e level can contain_ forbitals, making up the "f sublevel".

both adhesion and cohesion are attractions.

they are different in that adhesion is the force of attraction between the molecules of two different substances, whereas cohesion is the force of attraction between molecules of the same substance.

possible examples include capillary action, in which the adhesion between water and glass causes the water to rise in a narrow tube against the force of gravity.

because of hydrogen bonding, water is extremely cohesive.

this causes molecules on the surface of water to be drawn inward, which is why drops of water form beads on smooth surfaces.

hope this .

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.

c. orbital shape i hope this is correct

yes the answer is total mass in unchanged   : )