Make a inference for these questions me

Which of the following electromagnetic waves can create ions?

Observation and experimentation have led many scientists to accept a theory about the origin of the universe. this theory is called the big bang theory. scientific evidence collected and observed by scientists around the world suggests that the universe is ever expanding from a hot and dense initial state. what makes this a scientific theory? (2 points)

Asample of tin (ii) chloride has a mass of 0.49 g. after heating, it has a mass of 0.41 g.  what is the percent by mass of water in the hydrate?   %