Chemistry, 18.08.2019 03:10 lea5261

Chloral hydrate (c2h3cl3o2) is a drug formerly used as a sedative and hypnotic.
a. calculate the molar mass of chloral hydrate. b. what amount (moles) of c2h3cl3o2 molecules are in 500.0 g chloral hydrate? c. what is the mass in grams of 2.0 x 10-2 mol chloral hydrate? d. what number of chlorine atoms are in 5.0 g chloral hydrate? e. what mass of chloral hydrate would contain 1.0 g cl? f. what is the mass of exactly 500 molecules of chloral hydrate?

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Answer from: starlightmoon213

Answer :

(a) The molar mass of C_2H_3Cl_3O_2 is, 165.5 g/mole

(b) The moles of C_2H_3Cl_3O_2 is, 3.02 moles

(d) The number of chlorine atoms in 5.0 g chloral hydrate is, $5.4\times 10^{22}$

(e) The mass of chloral hydrate will be, 1.55 g

(f) The mass of exactly 500 molecules of chloral hydrate is, $1.99\times 10^{23}$

Explanation :

(a) To calculate the molar mass of chloral hydrate.

The formula of chloral hydrate is, C_2H_3Cl_3O_2

Atomic mass of carbon = 12 g/mole

Atomic mass of hydrogen = 1 g/mole

Atomic mass of oxygen = 16 g/mole

Atomic mass of chlorine = 35.5 g/mole

Now we have to determine the molar mass of chloral hydrate.

$\text{Molar mass of }C_2H_3Cl_3O_2$ =2(12g/mole)+3(1g/mole)+3(35.5g/mole)+2(16g/mole)=165.5g/mole[/tex]

The molar mass of C_2H_3Cl_3O_2 is, 165.5 g/mole

(b) Now we have to determine the moles of C_2H_3Cl_3O_2 .

$\text{Moles of }C_2H_3Cl_3O_2=\frac{\text{Mass of }C_2H_3Cl_3O_2}{\text{Molar mass of }C_2H_3Cl_3O_2}=\frac{500.0g}{165.5g/mole}=3.02moles$

The moles of C_2H_3Cl_3O_2 is, 3.02 moles

$\text{Mass of }C_2H_3Cl_3O_2=\text{Moles of }C_2H_3Cl_3O_2\times \text{Molar mass of }C_2H_3Cl_3O_2$

$\text{Mass of }C_2H_3Cl_3O_2=(2.0\times 10^{-2}mole)\times (165.5g/mole)=3.31g$

The mass in grams of $2.0\times 10^{-2}$ mole chloral hydrate is, 3.31 g

(d) To calculate the number of chlorine atoms are in 5.0 g chloral hydrate.

First we have to determine the moles of C_2H_3Cl_3O_2 .

$\text{Moles of }C_2H_3Cl_3O_2=\frac{\text{Mass of }C_2H_3Cl_3O_2}{\text{Molar mass of }C_2H_3Cl_3O_2}=\frac{5g}{165.5g/mole}=0.03moles$

Now we have to calculate the number of chlorine atoms in chloral hydrate.

In C_2H_3Cl_3O_2 , there are, 2 carbon atoms, 3 hydrogen atoms, 3 chlorine atoms and 2 oxygen atoms.

As, 1 mole of C_2H_3Cl_3O_2 contains $3\times 6.022\times 10^{23}$ chlorine atoms

So, 0.03 mole of C_2H_3Cl_3O_2 contains $0.03\times 3\times 6.022\times 10^{23}=5.4\times 10^{22}$ chlorine atoms

The number of chlorine atoms in 5.0 g chloral hydrate is, $5.4\times 10^{22}$

(e) To calculate the mass of chloral hydrate would contain 1.0 g Cl.

As, $3\times 35.5g$ of chlorine present in 165.5 g of C_2H_3Cl_3O_2

So, 1 g of chlorine present in $\frac{165.5}{3\times 35.5}=1.55g$ of C_2H_3Cl_3O_2

The mass of chloral hydrate will be, 1.55 g

(f) To calculate the mass of exactly 500 molecules of chloral hydrate.

As, $6.022\times 10^{23}$ molecules of chloral hydrate has 165.5 g mass of chloral hydrate

So, 500 molecules of chloral hydrate has $\frac{6.022\times 10^{23}}{500}\times 165.5=1.99\times 10^{23}$ mass of chloral hydrate

The mass of exactly 500 molecules of chloral hydrate is, $1.99\times 10^{23}$

Answer from: Quest

the answer is definitely c.

Answer from: Quest

nacl or sodium chloride is an ionic compound. this is because an ionic compound pertains to a compound that consists of positively and negatively charged ions. in this case, na (sodium) has a tendency to lose one electron when it reacts with with other atoms, so the resulting sodium ion contains 11 protons and 10 electrons, thus making it positively charged (na+), when chlorine reacts, it usually gains one electron to form an ion called chloride, thus making it negatively charged ( since the ions are oppositely charged, they attract.

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Chloral hydrate (c2h3cl3o2) is a drug formerly used as a sedative and hypnotic.
a. calculate...

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