Adistillation column is used to separate the mixture consisting of 40% ethanol, 35% propanol, 25% butanol. it is planned that the top product does not contain butanol with a composition of 70% ethanol, whereas the bottom product does not contain ethanol (composition not known). % of mass. for feed flow of 5000 kg / hour determined a) degree of freedom of mass balance calculation system b) mass flow rate (kg / jam) products up & down c) bottom product flow composition

intermolecular forces are the forces between molecules or particles.

there are two kinds of van der waals forces: weak london dispersion forces and stronger dipole-dipole forces.

in molecule of water there are dipole-dipole forces between negatively charged oxygen from one molecule of water and positively charger hydrogen of another molecule of water.

hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction between two polar groups that occurs when a hydrogen atom (h), covalently bound to a highly electronegative atom such as flourine (f), oxygen (o) and nitrogen (n) atoms.