The characteristics of two different types of reactions are shown downwards

reaction a: protons are gained or lost by the atom of an element.
reaction b: the identity of the reacting element does not change.

which is true about the two reactions?

valence electrons are not involved in both reaction a and reaction b.
valence electrons are involved in reaction b but not in reaction a.
valence electrons are involved in both reaction a and reaction b.
valence electrons are involved in reaction a but not in reaction b.

Valence electrons are involved in Reaction B but not in Reaction A.

Explanation:

The description of reaction A in which protons are lost or gained by the atom of the element is a nuclear reaction. In nuclear reactions, the nucleons which are the protons and neutrons drives the reaction. No valence electrons in the orbiting shells are involved in this kind of reaction. During this type of reaction, an atom changes it identity to that of another.

Reaction B in which no identity change occurs is a chemical reaction. In chemical reactions bonds are formed by the atoms using the valence electrons that orbits round the central nucleus. The atoms remain the same but it chose to attain stability and an inert configuration by losing or gaining electrons.

Valence electrons are involved in Reaction B but not in Reaction A.

Explanation:

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