Why is it important to make observations first and inferences later

Explanation:

Observation leads to drawing of inferences not the other way round. If no observation is made, then there is no basis of making inferences and testing them out.

Observations helps to gather facts and data through which patterns can be deduced and meaningful inferences made out. Observation is made using our five senses. Without first observing and pooling together some data, the basis of a scientific inquiry would falter along the line.

Inferences gives an arching overview to observations made. Inferences are made using prior experiences or knowledge. A times, we can notice some patterns in the data we have gathered and inferences can be made from them.  

the answer to this question is 3.