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carbon atoms can form single, double, or triple bonds because they have four valence electrons.

true
false

Answer : Yes, the given statement is true.

Explanation :

As we know that the carbon has four valence electrons. The carbon is the only atom which has catenation property.

Catenation : It is a self-linkage of atoms of the same element into a longer chains. It forms covalent bonds with the other carbon atoms and form longer structures.

The covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of electrons.

Carbon atoms can form single, double, or triple bonds.

Single bond : It is a type of chemical bond in which a pair of electrons is shared between the two carbon atoms.  

Double bond : It is a type of chemical bond in which 2 pairs of electrons are shared between the two carbon atoms.  

Triple bond : It is a type of chemical bond in which 3 pairs of electrons are shared between the two carbon atoms.

Hence, the given statement is true.

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.