Which statement best explains what is taking place

Option (b) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

It is known that HCl is a strong acid and when it is dissolved in water then being strong in nature it dissociates completely in the form of hydrogen ions and chlorine ions.

The reaction will be as follows.

When a base accepts a proton then it results in the formation of a conjugate acid whereas when an acid loses a proton the it results in the formation of a conjugate base.

So, here water on accepting a proton forms as the conjugate acid. On the other hand, HCl on losing a proton forms as the conjugate base.

Thus, we can conclude that a strong base is dissociated completely, producing more conjugate acid.

definition

                    entropy is a measure of the randomness or the extent of disorder of a chemical process.

                      enthalpy is a measure of the heat change of a reaction occurring at a constant pressure.

measurement units:

                        entropy is measured in joule per kelvin (jk⁻¹)   whereas enthalpy is measured in joule per mole (jmol⁻¹)

requirements:

                            entropy has no requirements or limits, and its change is measured by the division between the heat change of the chemical process and the temperature.

                              in contrast, enthalpy can only be related to the heat change of the reaction under standard conditions.