Octane (c8h18) is a component of gasoline. complete combustion of octane yields h2o and co2. incomplete combustion produces h2o and co, which not only reduces the efficiency of the engine using the fuel but is also toxic. in a certain test run, 1.000 gallon (gal) of octane is burned in an engine. the total mass of co, co2, and h2o produced is 11.53 kg. calculate the efficiency of the process; that is, calculate the fraction of octane converted to co2. the density of octane is 2.650 kg/gal.

of octane had been converted to carbon dioxide CO₂.

Octane has a molar mass of

1.000 gallon of this fuel would have a mass of 2.650 kilograms or , which corresponds to of octane.

Octane undergoes complete combustion to produce carbon dioxide and water by the following equation:

An incomplete combustion of octane that gives rise to carbon monoxide and water but no carbon dioxide would consume not as much oxygen:

The mass of the product mixture is heavier than that of the octane supplied. Thus of oxygen were consumed in the combustion. There are of oxygen molecules in of oxygen.

Let the number of moles of octane that had undergone complete combustion as seen in the first equation be (). The number of moles of octane that had undergone incomplete combustion through the second equation would thus equal .

25 moles of oxygen gas is consumed for every two moles of octane that had undergone complete combustion and 17 moles if the combustion is incomplete.

Therefore out of the 23.2 moles of octane had undergone complete combustion to produce carbon dioxide.

the molecules move in straight line until they collide with each other or with the walls of the container. collisions are perfectly elastic; when two molecules collide, they change their directions and kinetic energies, but the total kinetic energy is conserved.

explanation:

a  solution  is always transparent, light passes through with no scattering from solute particles which are molecule in size. the  solution  is homogeneous and does not settle out. a colloid is intermediate between asolution  and a  suspension. while asuspension  will separate out a colloid will not.