Which ions are being produced by this process, assuming that each of the chemical compounds dissociate into their constituent parts once they are dissolved in water?

The cations and anions are produced when ionic compounds are dissolved into water.

Explanation:

When ionic compounds dissolved in water,they dissociates into ions such a process is known as dissociation.

Reason:

This dissociation is basically occur due to attractions of polar water molecules towards cation and anionic ions. Water molecules surround the these ions.

Example:

When NaCl is dissolved into watre, NaCl compounds dissociate into ions as follow                                     NaCl (s) + H2O ⇔ Na+  +  Cl−