Wear when handling batteries, because they can explode or leak. a. ear plugs and nasal strips b. safety glasses and acid-resistant gloves c. inflammable clothing and goggles d. a respirator and steel toed boots

The answer is: b. Safety glasses and acid-resistant gloves.

Battery acid (sulfuric acid) has pH = 0.

Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is a strong acid, it means that the solution of sufuric acid is more acidic (pH<7) than water (pH = 7).

Chemical dissociation of sulfuric acid in water:  

H₂SO₄(aq) → 2H⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq).  

Sulfuric acid can come in contact with eyes and hands, so it is important to wear safety glasses and acid-resistant gloves.

part 1: the half-life of the element is 22 years.

part 2: it will take 132.02 year for the sample to decay from 308.0 g to 4.8125 g.

explanation:

part 1: there are two ways to determine the half life time.

first way: the half life time can be determined directly from its definition as it is the time required for the sample to decay to its half concentration.

from the data the initial concentration was 45.0 g and decayed to its half value (22.5 g) in 22.0 years.

second way: the radio active decay is considered first order reaction so we can use the laws of first order reactions.

k = (1/t) ln (a/a-x), where k is the rate constant of the reaction,

t is the time of the reaction

a is the initial concentration of the reactant

a-x is the remaining concentration at time (t)

a = 45.0 g the initial concentration at t = 0 year.

at t = 22 year, a-x = 22.5 g

then k = (1/22 year) ln (45.0 g/ 22.5 g) = 0.0315 year-1.

the half-life time (t1/2) = ln 2/ k = 0.693/ k =0.693/ 0.0315 = 22 years.

part 2:

using the same law k = (1/t) ln (a/a-x),

using the given data; a = 308.0 g and a-x = 4.8125 g and the calculated k from the part 1 (k = 0.0315 year-1)

t = (1/k) ln (a/a-x) = (1/0.0315) ln (308.0/ 4.8125) = 132.02 years