Economics began as a field of study in 1776 with the publication of An Inquiry into the Wealth of Nations by .

Gary becker's controversial the economics of discrimination concludes that price discrimination has no effect on final profits. price discrimination benefits monopolies. labor discrimination in hiring results in more efficient allocations of production. discrimination in hiring practices has no effect on final profits. labor discrimination harms firms that practice it due to increased labor costs. price discrimination harms monopolies, which refutes over two centuries of economic theory.

Dahlia enterprises needs someone to supply it with 127,000 cartons of machine screws per year to support its manufacturing needs over the next five years, and you’ve decided to bid on the contract. it will cost you $940,000 to install the equipment necessary to start production; you’ll depreciate this cost straight-line to zero over the project’s life. you estimate that in five years, this equipment can be salvaged for $77,000. your fixed production costs will be $332,000 per year, and your variable production costs should be $11.00 per carton. you also need an initial investment in net working capital of $82,000. if your tax rate is 30 percent and your required return is 11 percent on your investment, what bid price should you submit? (do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answer to 2 decimal places. (e.g., 32.16))

Randall's, inc. has 20,000 shares of stock outstanding with a par value of $1.00 per share. the market value is $12 per share. the balance sheet shows $42,000 in the capital in excess of par account, $20,000 in the common stock account, and $50,500 in the retained earnings account. the firm just announced a 5 percent (small) stock dividend. what will the balance in the retained earnings account be after the dividend?