First, briefly explain the difference between direct and indirect taxation, and give an example of each. Then, define the three types of taxation that determine the rate people pay: proportional, progressive, and regressive. (4 points)

Afirm's before-tax cost of debt, rd, is the interest rate that the firm must pay on debt. because interest is tax deductible, the relevant cost of debt used to calculate a firm's wacc is the cost of debt, rd (1 – t). the cost of debt is used in calculating the wacc because we are interested in maximizing the value of the firm's stock, and the stock price depends on cash flows. it is important to emphasize that the cost of debt is the interest rate on debt, not debt because our primary concern with the cost of capital is its use in capital budgeting decisions. the rate at which the firm has borrowed in the past is because we need to know the cost of capital. for these reasons, the on outstanding debt (which reflects current market conditions) is a better measure of the cost of debt than the . the on the company's -term debt is generally used to calculate the cost of debt because more often than not, the capital is being raised to fund -term projects. quantitative problem: 5 years ago, barton industries issued 25-year noncallable, semiannual bonds with a $1,600 face value and a 8% coupon, semiannual payment ($64 payment every 6 months). the bonds currently sell for $845.87. if the firm's marginal tax rate is 40%, what is the firm's after-tax cost of debt? round your answer to 2 decimal places. do not round intermediate calcu

You are president of a large corporation. at a typical monthly meeting, each of your vice presidents gives standard area reports. in the past, these reports have been good, and the vps seem satisfied about their work. based on situational approach to leadership, which leadership style should you exhibit at the next meeting?

Your debit card is stolen, and you report it to your bank within two business days. how much money can you lose at most? a. $500 b. $25 c. $50 d. $150