Identify and explain two methods of external source of finance

Required information [the following information applies to the questions displayed below.] the following data is provided for garcon company and pepper company. garcon company pepper company beginning finished goods inventory $ 13,800 $ 18,850 beginning work in process inventory 16,700 20,700 beginning raw materials inventory 8,800 13,500 rental cost on factory equipment 28,250 26,650 direct labor 22,400 37,400 ending finished goods inventory 17,300 14,300 ending work in process inventory 23,200 19,400 ending raw materials inventory 5,900 9,600 factory utilities 11,250 15,000 factory supplies used 10,900 5,700 general and administrative expenses 32,500 44,500 indirect labor 2,500 9,880 repairs—factory equipment 4,820 2,150 raw materials purchases 41,500 63,000 selling expenses 54,800 49,000 sales 238,530 317,510 cash 33,000 23,700 factory equipment, net 222,500 124,825 accounts receivable, net 13,400 23,950 required: 1. complete the table to find the cost of goods manufactured for both garcon company and pepper company for the year ended december 31, 2017. 2. complete the table to calculate the cost of goods sold for both garcon company and pepper company for the year ended december 31, 2017.

Presented below is a list of possible transactions. analyze the effect of the 18 transactions on the financial statement categories indicated. transactions assets liabilities owners’ equity net income 1. purchased inventory for $80,000 on account (assume perpetual system is used). 2. issued an $80,000 note payable in payment on account (see item 1 above). 3. recorded accrued interest on the note from item 2 above. 4. borrowed $100,000 from the bank by signing a 6-month, $112,000, zero-interest-bearing note. 5. recognized 4 months’ interest expense on the note from item 4 above. 6. recorded cash sales of $75,260, which includes 6% sales tax. 7. recorded wage expense of $35,000. the cash paid was $25,000; the difference was due to various amounts withheld. 8. recorded employer’s payroll taxes. 9. accrued accumulated vacation pay. 10. recorded an asset retirement obligation. 11. recorded bonuses due to employees. 12. recorded a contingent loss on a lawsuit that the company will probably lose. 13. accrued warranty expense (assume expense warranty approach). 14. paid warranty costs that were accrued in item 13 above. 15. recorded sales of product and related service-type warranties. 16. paid warranty costs under contracts from item 15 above. 17. recognized warranty revenue (see item 15 above). 18. recorded estimated liability for premium claims outstanding.

Zachary company produces commercial gardening equipment. since production is highly automated, the company allocates its overhead costs to product lines using activity-based costing. the costs and cost drivers associated with the four overhead activity cost pools follow: activities unit level batch level product level facility level cost $ 64,800 $ 27,730 $ 15,000 $ 154,000 cost driver 2,400 labor hrs. 47 setups percentage of use 11,000 units production of 780 sets of cutting shears, one of the company’s 20 products, took 240 labor hours and 7 setups and consumed 15 percent of the product-sustaining activities. required: (a) had the company used labor hours as a company wide allocation base, how much overhead would it have allocated to the cutting shears? (b) how much overhead is allocated to the cutting shears using activity-based costing? (c) compute the overhead cost per unit for cutting shears first using activity-based costing and then using direct labor hours for allocation if 780 units are produced. if direct product costs are $150 and the product is priced at 30 percent above cost for what price would the product sell under each allocation system? (d) assuming that activity-based costing provides a more accurate estimate of cost, indicate whether the cutting shears would be over- or underpriced if direct labor hours are used as an allocation base. explain how over-or undercosting can affect vaulker's profitability. (e) comment on the validity of using the allocated facility-level cost in the pricing decision. should other costs be considered in a cost- plus pricing decision? if so, which ones? what costs would you include if you were trying to decide whether to accept a special order?