Economies of scale Multiple Choice Exist in both the short run and the long run. Explain why average variable and average total costs decline in the short run. Explain why average total costs decline as output increases in the long run. Explain why average total costs increase as output increases in the long run.

On january 1, 2018, gless textiles issued $12 million of 9%, 10-year convertible bonds at 101. the bonds pay interest on june 30 and december 31. each $1,000 bond is convertible into 40 shares of gless’s no par common stock. bonds that are similar in all respects, except that they are nonconvertible, currently are selling at 99 (that is, 99% of face amount). century services purchased 10% of the issue as an investment. on january 1, 2018, gless textiles issued $12 million of 9%, 10-year convertible bonds at 101. the bonds pay interest on june 30 and december 31. each $1,000 bond is convertible into 40 shares of gless’s no par common stock. bonds that are similar in all respects, except that they are nonconvertible, currently are selling at 99 (that is, 99% of face amount). century services purchased 10% of the issue as an investment. 3. on july 1, 2023, when gless’s common stock had a market price of $33 per share, century converted the bonds it held. prepare the journal entries by both gless and century for the conversion of the bonds (book value method).