When evaluating a chi-square test, describe the importance of the goodness of fit test. Provide an example and explain how the test is used to evaluate data. In replies to peers, provide additional examples not already discussed.

Explanation:

Whenever you merely have one categorical variable within a single population, the goodness fit test is utilized.  It's used to see if sample data matches a hypothesized or predicted distribution.

It's used to figure out how a particular phenomenon's observed value differs from the predicted value.

It can also be employed to make comparison of the observed sample to the sample distribution that should have been expected. It determines how closely the theoretical distribution corresponds to the empirical distribution.

Using this as an additional example that has not been discussed:

Consider a firm that produces a card deck. According to the company, 25% of its cards were clubs, 60% were diamonds but not hearts, and 15% were spades.  We may collect a random sample of card decks and do a goodness of fit test to check if our sample distribution varied substantially from the company's reported distribution.

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