A firm has the following account balances for this year. Sales for the year are $500,000. Projected sales for next year are $545,000. The percentage of sales approach is used for pro forma purposes. All balance sheet accounts, except long-term debt and common stock, change according to that approach. The firm plans to decrease the long-term debt balance by $5,000 next year. Retained earnings is expected to increase by $3,500 next year. What is the projected external financing need? a) $10,520
b) $14,720
c) $18,520
d) $20,720
e) $25,620

Burnley and co., a graphic design firm, has offices in new york, texas, california, new mexico, and new jersey. each of these offices is headed by a president who reports directly to emma burnley, the ceo. the heads of the centralized hr, finance, and marketing teams report to emma burnley as well. managers in the various offices also report to the ceo directly. based on this information, which of the following statements is most likely to be true? a) emma burnley has a wide span of control. b) burnley and co. has a tall hierarchical structure. c) emma burnley is underworked. d) burnley and co. is a mechanistic organization.