You are a systems analyst at Outback Outsourcing, a firm that handles payroll processing for many large companies. Outback Outsourcing uses a combination of payroll package programs and in-house developed software to deliver custom-made payroll solutions for its clients. Lately, users have flooded you with requests for more new features and web-based capability to meet customer expectations. Your boss, the IT manager, comes to you with a question. She wants to know when to stop trying to enhance the old software and start developing a totally new version better suited to the new marketplace. What would you need to know to answer the question?

The following cost data relate to the manufacturing activities of chang company during the just completed year: manufacturing overhead costs incurred: indirect materials $ 15,800 indirect labor 138,000 property taxes, factory 8,800 utilities, factory 78,000 depreciation, factory 150,600 insurance, factory 10,800 total actual manufacturing overhead costs incurred $ 402,000 other costs incurred: purchases of raw materials (both direct and indirect) $ 408,000 direct labor cost $ 68,000 inventories: raw materials, beginning $ 20,800 raw materials, ending $ 30,800 work in process, beginning $ 40,800 work in process, ending $ 70,800 the company uses a predetermined overhead rate of $20 per machine-hour to apply overhead cost to jobs. a total of 20,500 machine-hours were used during the year. required: 1. compute the amount of underapplied or overapplied overhead cost for the year. 2. prepare a schedule of cost of goods manufactured for the year.

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Computing equivalent units is especially important for: (a) goods that take a relatively short time to produce, such as plastic bottles. (b) goods with sustainability implications in their production processes. (c) goods that are started and completed during the same period. (d) goods that take a long time to produce, such as airplanes.