The Federal Open Market Committee decides that it must increase the money supply by $50. Committee members tell you the reserve ratio is 0.2. They ask you what directive they should give to the open market desk. You tell them, being as specific as possible, using the money multiplier. The Fed should $ worth of government bonds.

Penny poodle wanted to know which dog obedience training program was more effective: puppy pride, the approach she has been using for any years, or doggie do-right, a new approach. penny convinced 50 human companions of untrained dogs to participate in her study. the dogs and their humans were randomly assigned to complete the puppy pride or doggie do-right course. at the end of the training programs, all of the dogs were scored on their level of obedience on a standardized dog obedience checklist (scores could range from 10 to 100). the design of this study is: