Western Airlines is planning to sell $10 million of preferred stock. The par value of the preferred is $50 per share. The annual dividend will be 13% (preferred dividends are typically quoted as a percent of par value). The market value of the preferred is $50 per share. Issuance costs are expected to be $2 per share. Western has a tax rate of 21 percent. What is the company's cost of preferred stock

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9. tax types: taxes are classified based on whether they are applied directly to income, called direct taxes, or to some other measurable performance characteristic of the firm, called indirect taxes. identify each of the following as a “direct tax,” an “indirect tax,” or something else: a. corporate income tax paid by a japanese subsidiary on its operating income b. royalties paid to saudi arabia for oil extracted and shipped to world markets c. interest received by a u.s. parent on bank deposits held in london d. interest received by a u.s. parent on a loan to a subsidiary in mexico e. principal repayment received by u.s. parent from belgium on a loan to a wholly owned subsidiary in belgium f. excise tax paid on cigarettes manufactured and sold within the united states g. property taxes paid on the corporate headquarters building in seattle h. a direct contribution to the international committee of the red cross for refugee relief i. deferred income tax, shown as a deduction on the u.s. parent’s consolidated income tax j. withholding taxes withheld by germany on dividends paid to a united kingdom parent corporation

Differentiate between the trait, behavioral, and results-based performance appraisal systems, providing an example where each would be most applicable.