Developing nations have formed international commodity agreements (ICAs) between leading producing and consuming nations of commodities. To promote stability in commodity markets, ICAs have relied on production and export controls, buffer stocks, and multilateral contracts. For example, the fair trade system may help to (increase the number of middlemen selling farmer's products/ increase the income of farmers in developing nations/ decrease the markup price that retailers charge on farmer's products).

At the end of the week, carla receives her paycheck and goes directly to the bank after work to make a deposit into her savings account. the bank keeps the required reserve and then loans out the remaining balance to a qualified borrower named malik as a portion of his small business loan. malik uses the loan to buy a tractor for his construction business and makes small monthly payments to the bank to payback the principal balance plus interest on the loan. the bank profits from a portion of the interest payment received and also passes some of the interest back to carla in the form of an interest payment to her savings account. in this example, the bank is acting

Ll companies has sales of $9,800, net income of $1,060, total assets of $8,950, and total debt of $4,760. assets and costs are proportional to sales. debt and equity are not. a dividend of $371 was paid, and the company wishes to maintain a constant payout ratio. next year's sales are projected to be $10,584. what is the amount of the external financing need?

Dakota company experienced the following events during 2016. 1. acquired $30,000 cash from the issue of common stock. 2. paid $12,000 cash to purchase land. 3. borrowed $10,000 cash. 4. provided services for $20,000 cash. 5. paid $1,000 cash for utilities expense. 6. paid $15,000 cash for other operating expenses. 7. paid a $2,000 cash dividend to the stockholders. 8. determined that the market value of the land purchased in event 2 is now $12,700