Why do company manager-owners smile when they ring the stock exchange bell at their ipo?A. An IPO's price goes up on the first day, generating guaranteed returns for investors. B. Manager-owners are freed of the burden of managing their company. C. An IPO reveals the value of the manager-owners' stake. D. Manager-owners receive their first stake in the company at an IPO.

Which of the following statements is (are) true? i. free entry to a perfectly competitive industry results in the industry's firms earning zero economic profit in the long run, except for the most efficient producers, who may earn economic rent. ii. in a perfectly competitive market, long-run equilibrium is characterized by lmc < p < latc. iii. if a competitive industry is in long-run equilibrium, a decrease in demand causes firms to earn negative profit because the market price will fall below average total cost.

Which statement defines the term price ?

Which of the following economic behaviors causes scarcity? a limited supply and unlimited demand b limited supply and unlimited credit c limited supply and limited regulation d limited supply and limited incentives