Helen, a manager for Marshall Manufacturing, spends much of her time reviewing the global, technological, socio-cultural, competitive, and economic factors that can influence the success of her firm's marketing efforts. Helen's efforts indicate that she is involved with environmental scanning. Environmental scanning is the process of identifying the factors than can affect marketing success. a. True
b. False

What is the second step in communication planning? determine the purpose of the message outline the communication for delivery determine the best channel of communication clarify objectives identify the audience

Anew 2-lane road is needed in a part of town that is growing. at some point the road will need 4 lanes to handle the anticipated traffic. if the city's optimistic estimate of growth is used, the expansion will be needed in 4 years and has a probability of happening of 40%. for the most likely and pessimistic estimates, the expansion will be needed in 8 and 15 years respectively. the probability of the pessimistic estimate happening is 20%. the expansion will cost $ 4.2 million and the interest rate is 8%. what is the expected pw the expansion will cost?

Winston churchill's stamp collection was valued at $14 million when he died. at auction, it brought in only $4 million. what was it worth? why?