In which of the following market structures do the firms have a formal firm supply curve?

Suppose a holiday inn hotel has annual fixed costs applicable to its rooms of $1.2 million for its 300-room hotel, average daily room rents of $50, and average variable costs of $10 for each room rented. it operates 365 days per year. the amount of operating income on rooms, assuming an occupancy* rate of 80% for the year, that will be generated for the entire year is *occupancy = % of rooms rented

John and daphne are saving for their daughter ellen's college education. ellen just turned 10 at (t = 0), and she will be entering college 8 years from now (at t = 8). college tuition and expenses at state u. are currently $14,500 a year, but they are expected to increase at a rate of 3.5% a year. ellen should graduate in 4 years--if she takes longer or wants to go to graduate school, she will be on her own. tuition and other costs will be due at the beginning of each school year (at t = 8, 9, 10, and 11).so far, john and daphne have accumulated $15,000 in their college savings account (at t = 0). their long-run financial plan is to add an additional $5,000 in each of the next 4 years (at t = 1, 2, 3, and 4). then they plan to make 3 equal annual contributions in each of the following years, t = 5, 6, and 7. they expect their investment account to earn 9%. how large must the annual payments at t = 5, 6, and 7 be to cover ellen's anticipated college costs? a. $1,965.21b. $2,068.64c. $2,177.51d. $2,292.12e. $2,412.76

When the price is the equilibrium price, we would expect there to be a causing the market to put pressure on the price until it went back to the equilibrium price. a. above; surplus; upward b. above; shortage; downward c. below; surplus; upward d. below; shortage; downward e. above; surplus; downward?