Classification shifting by managers leads to under-reporting of total expenses and over-statement of bottom-line net income. a. True
b. False

False

Explanation:

Classification shifting is a method used whereby the core earnings are manipulated by misclassifying the items in the income statement.

One way that managers make use of classification shifting is by reporting the operating expenses for the business as nonoperating expenses. This is usually done in order to inflate the operating income.

The statement in the question is false as classification shifting by managers doesn't lead to under-reporting of total expenses and over-statement of bottom-line net income rather it lead to over reporting.

answer; the correct answer is (direct foreign investment);

107x106 is the answer