Assuming the same interest rate, amount borrowed, and amortization period, which compounding (payment) period - monthly or annually - would result in less interest being paid by the borrower? Why?

The shorter the payment period, the better for the borrower. Every time you make a payment, the principal decreases, so the next payment will include lower interests.

We can analyze this using an example:

You borrow $10,000, with a 12% interest rate and must pay it back in 3 years.

option A, 36 monthly payments

monthly payment = $10,000 / 30.10751 (PV annuity factor, 1%, 36 periods) = $332.14

total payments = $332.14 x 36 = $11,957.04

total interests paid = $1,957.04

option B, 3 annual payments

monthly payment = $10,000 / 2.40183 (PV annuity factor, 12%, 3 periods) = $4,163.49

total payments = $4,163.49 x 3 = $12,490.47

total interests paid = $2,490.47

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