Which statement defines externality?
a)it is a change in demand brought about by factors other than price.
b)it is the external factors that cause a rise in the supply of goods or services.
c) it is the external factors that cause a decrease in the supply of goods or services.
d)it is the impact of production and consumption on unrelated third parties.

Which of the following pairs is most similar to each other?

Tyler has coffee with one of his direct reports almost daily. he does this to inquire in an informal way about progress on the job, and to provide coaching and support, as well as appropriate congratulations for special efforts. tyler is exhibiting which type of managerial skill?

Assume that the governance committee states that all projects costing more than $70,000 must be reviewed and approved by the chief information officer and the it senior leadership team (slt). at this point, the cio has the responsibility to ensure that management processes observe the governance rules. for example, the project team might present the proposed project in an slt meeting for a vote of approval. what does this scenario illustrate about organizational structure?