The use of mathematical tools such as the application of linear programming for optimizing operations and the statistical process control for quality management is a characteristic of the approach of the classical perspective of management thinking.

a. management science

Explanation:

The management approach is a method of making decisions in management by using quantitative tools and analysis which is why it is sometimes also known as a Quantitative approach.

During World War 2, maths was extensively used to come up with issues that kept creeping up and threatening to disturb the allied response and this is where this strategy traces its origins to.

Using mathematical tools such as linear programming as well as statistical process controls, management science enables managers to make decisions in light of their costs and constraints.

the answer is either c or b, i cant be to sure tho.