Motivating employees is more challenging today than two decades ago because:A) employers have difficulty understanding the different needs and expectations that younger generation employees bring to the workplace. B) there are more layers of management today, which makes it more difficult to motivate everyone in management positions. C) corporate downsizing and reduced job security have damaged the levels of trust employees need to work beyond minimum levels. D) all of the above. E) 'A' and 'C' only.

 E) 'A' and 'C' only.

Explanation:

The younger generation of today are in a new world with new values as opposed to the generation that were at work two decades ago. As such, they need to be motivated in different ways. Where in the past simply using money to motivate was the solution, today's generation require other things to motivate them as well such as fulfilment.

Employers therefore have more difficulty understanding the different needs and expectations that this younger generation bring to the workplace.

Also, with the constant downsizing that affects the workplace today, job security is not as pronounced as in the past which has led to employee morale and trust being damaged because they know that they could work really hard and still have their jobs terminated. A lot of them therefore just work at the minimum level so as not to give too much in case they are indeed fired.

answer; institution based;