Jackson Company produces plastic that is used for injection-molding applications such as gears for small motors. In 2019, the first year of operations, Jackson produced 4,600 tons of plastic and sold 3,680 tons. In 2020, the production and sales results were exactly reversed. In each year, the selling price per ton was $2,400, variable manufacturing costs were 16% of the sales price of units produced, variable selling expenses were 8% of the selling price of units sold, fixed manufacturing costs were $3,312,000, and fixed administrative expenses were $470,000. (a) Prepare income statements for each year using variable costing.

income statements for each year using variable costing

                                                                      2019                     2020

Sales                                                         $8,832,000        $11,040,000

Less Cost of Sales :

Opening Stock                                                $0                    $353,280

Add Manufacturing Cost                         $1,766,400             $1,413,120

Less Closing Stock                                  ($353,280)                  $0

Cost of Sales                                            ($1,413,120)         ($1,766,400)

Contribution                                              $7,418,880          $9,273,600

Less Expenses

Fixed manufacturing costs                      ($3,312,000)      ($3,312,000)

Selling Expenses :

Variable                                                     ($706,560)         ($883,200)

Fixed  Administrative Expenses              ($470,000)         ($470,000)

Net Income / (Loss)                                  $2,921,120          $4,608,400            

Explanation:

Reconciliation of Units

                                         2019                     2020

Opening Stock                     0                         920

Add Production               4,600                   3,680

Available for Sale            4,600                  4,600

Less Sales                      (3,680)                 (4,600)

Closing Stock                     920                       0

Product Cost

Consider only variable manufacturing costs

Product Cost = $2,400 × 16%

                      = $384

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