Courington Detailing's cost formula for its materials and supplies is $1,880 per month plus $7 per vehicle. For the month of August, the company planned for activity of 83 vehicles, but the actual level of activity was 48 vehicles. The actual materials and supplies for the month was $2,350. The activity variance for materials and supplies in August would be closest to

marketing strategies should be established before marketing objectives are decided. t/f

Ajustification for job training programs is that they improve worker productivity. suppose that you are asked to evaluate whether more job training makes workers more productive. however, rather than having data on individual workers, you have access to data on manufacturing firms in ohio. in particu- lar, for each firm, you have information on hours of job training per worker (training) and number of nondefective items produced per worker hour (output). (i) carefully state the ceteris paribus thought experiment underlying this policy question. (ii) does it seem likely that a firm’s decision to train its workers will be independent of worker characteristics? what are some of those measurable and unmeasurable worker characteristics? (iii) name a factor other than worker characteristics that can affect worker productivity. (iv) if you find a positive correlation between output and training, would you have convincingly established that job training makes workers more productive? explain.

Under t, the point (0,2) gets mapped to (3,0). t-1 (x,y) →