Given no cash leakage and zero excess reserves held by banks, if reserves increase by $8 billion and the required reserve ratio is 9 percent, what is the resulting change in the money supply?

Pennewell publishing inc. (pp) is a zero growth company. it currently has zero debt and its earnings before interest and taxes (ebit) are $80,000. pp's current cost of equity is 10%, and its tax rate is 40%. the firm has 10,000 shares of common stock outstanding selling at a price per share of $48.00. refer to the data for pennewell publishing inc. (pp). pp is considering changing its capital structure to one with 30% debt and 70% equity, based on market values. the debt would have an interest rate of 8%. the new funds would be used to repurchase stock. it is estimated that the increase in risk resulting from the added leverage would cause the required rate of return on equity to rise to 12%. if this plan were carried out, what would be pp's new value of operations? a. $484,359 b. $521,173 c. $584,653 d. $560,748 e. $487,805

Advertisers are usually very conscious of their audience. choose an issue of a popular magazine such as time, sports illustrated, vanity fair, rolling stone, or the like. from that issue select three advertisements to analyze. try to determine the audience being appealed to in each advertisement and analyze the appeals used to persuade buyers. how might the appeals differ is the ads were designed to persuade a different audience.

Sanibel autos inc. merged with its competitor vroom autos inc. this allowed sanibel autos to use its technological competencies along with vroom autos' marketing capabilities to capture a larger market share than what the two entities individually held. what type of integration does this scenario best illustrate? a. vertical b. technological c. horizontal d. perfect