Astute managers are alert for the presence of these clues: disciplinary actions being challenged, employees questioning managerial decisions, employees talking more openly with managers.

False

Explanation:

Astute Managers are alert for clues and opportunities to bring the company more profit and productivity by leveraging on those opportunities.

They recognize when the winds of change are blowing in the industry and work to realign resources and employee orientation to take advantage of this.

Astute leaders do not look for ways to disparage their employees by looking for signs of insubordination to use it against employees but rather maintain good relationships with employees so that they may move the company forward together.

statement of owner's equity;

d, conspicuous consumption is when you try to increase your wealth or social status (and in the case he's trying to create the perception of wealth considering he can't really afford it)