Mahugh Corporation, which has only one product, has provided the following data concerning its most recent month of operations: Selling price $122
Units in beginning inventory 0
Units produced 8,300
Units sold 8,200
Units in ending inventory 100

Variable costs per unit:
Direct materials $27
Direct labor $46
Variable manufacturing overhead $4
Variable selling and administrative $7

Fixed costs:
Fixed manufacturing overhead $199,200
Fixed selling and administrative $106,600

Required:

a. What is the unit product cost for the month under variable costing?
b. What is the unit product cost for the month under absorption costing?
c. Prepare an income statement for the month using the contribution format and the variable costing method.
d. Prepare an income statement for the month using the absorption costing method.
e. Reconcile the variable costing and absorption costing operating incomes for the month.

a. $77

b. $101

c.Income statement for the month using the contribution format and the variable costing method.

Sales ( $122 × 8,200)                                                                       1,000,400

Less Cost of Sales

Opening Stock                                                                      0

Add Cost of Goods Manufactured (8,300× $77)           639,100

Less Closing stock ( 100 × $77)                                        (7,700)    (631,400)

Contribution                                                                                       369,000

Less Expenses

Fixed manufacturing overhead                                                      ($199,200)

Variable selling and administrative ($7×8,200)                                (57,400)

Fixed selling and administrative                                                    ($106,600)

Net Income / (Loss)                                                                                5,800

d.Income statement for the month using the absorption costing method.

Sales ( $122 × 8,200)                                                                       1,000,400

Less Cost of Sales

Opening Stock                                                                      0

Add Cost of Goods Manufactured (8,300× $101)           838,300

Less Closing stock ( 100 × $101)                                        (10,100) (828,200)

Contribution                                                                                       172,200

Less Expenses

Variable selling and administrative ($7×8,200)                                (57,400)

Fixed selling and administrative                                                    ($106,600)

Net Income / (Loss)                                                                                8,200

e.Reconcile the variable costing and absorption costing operating incomes for the month

Absorption Costing Net Profit                                                               8,200

Add Fixed Costs in Opening Stock                                                           0

Less Fixed Costs in Closing Stock (100 × $24)                                   (2,400)

Variable Costing Net Profit                                                                    5,800

Explanation:

Product Cost (Variable Costing) = All Variable Manufacturing Costs

                                                     = $27 + $46 + $4

                                                     = $77

Product Cost (Absorption Costing) = All Variable Manufacturing Costs + All Fixed Manufacturing Costs

                                                          = $77 + ($199,200/8,300)

                                                          = $77 + $24

                                                          = $101

Income Statements

Non Manufacturing Costs are treated as a Periodic Cost in Absorption Costing Income Statement

Whilst Both Fixed Manufacturing Costs and Non Manufacturing Costs are treated as a Periodic Cost in Variable Costing Income Statement.

Reconciliation

The difference in Profit is due to Fixed Cost component absorbed in Absorption Costing.

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