VRivera underpaid her income tax by $45,000. The IRS can prove that $40,000 of the underpayment was due to fraud. a. Determine Rivera's civil fraud penalty. $ b. Rivera pays the penalty five years after committing the fraudulent act. Compute the present value of Rivera's penalty. Assume her after-tax rate of return on available cash is 9%. The present value factor for 5 years and 9% is 0.6499. $

Which of the following statements regarding the learning curve and economies of scale is accurate? answers: just as diseconomies of scale are presumed to exist if a firm gets too large, there is a corresponding increase in costs in the learning-curve model as the cumulative volume of production grows.where diseconomies of scale are presumed to exist if a firm gets too large, there is no corresponding increase in costs in the learning-curve model as the cumulative volume of production grows.where diseconomies of scale are presumed to exist if a firm gets too small, there is no corresponding increase in costs in the learning-curve model as the cumulative volume of production grows.just as diseconomies of scale are presumed to exist if a firm gets too small, there is a corresponding increase in costs in the learning-curve model as the cumulative volume of production grows.