As the case indicated, over time some stores had stockouts of popular merchandise while other stores were overstocked with the same item. This could lead to disagreements between the stores and Zara's corporate headquarters, which is a form of

vertical channel conflict

Explanation:

Based on the scenario being described within the question it can be said that this is a form of a vertical channel conflict. This is a type of conflict that occurs between two or more individuals that are part of the same channel, such as a manufacturer, agent, wholesaler, retailer. Which in this case the conflict or disagreement is between two stores in the same industry (similar channel).

ans.

heterothermic organisms include those organisms that can switch between homeothermic (having body temperature higher than environment) and poikilothermic (having variation in internal body temperature) strategies.

some migratory birds show heterothermy as they decrease their metabolic rate during cold nights to keep their body temperature low. drop in metabolic rate allows increase in production efficiency of birds that reduces the internal body temperature to make it equal to external cold temperature during cold nights.

thus, the correct answer is 'birds allow their temperature drop in order to increase their production efficiency.'