Alan tries to make life easy on his employees by telling them exactly what to do and how to do it. he believes that most of his subordinates are lazy, and will goof off if he doesn't keep an eye on them, so he spends much of his time monitoring their work. when he finds an employee who is not performing up to his expectations, alan uses threats and punishment to increase the worker's motivation. alan is a theory x manager.

True                          

Explanation:

Executives under theory X appear to hold a negative perception of their employees, and believe they are inherently unconfident and hate work. As a consequence, they feel that staff mates have to be continuously pressured, praised or disciplined to ensure they accomplish their assignments.

The X methodology to analysis appears to have many divisions of managers and executives to supervise and direct staff. Power is never delegated, thus authority is often strongly centralised. Managers become more hierarchical and work aggressively to make things happen.

answer; measurable outcome;