Onslow Co. purchases a used machine for $192.000 cash on January 2 and readies it for use the next day at a $10,000 cost. On January 3, it is installed on a required operating platform costing $2,000, and it is further readied for operations. The company predicts the machine will be used for six years and have a $23,040 salvage value. Depreciation is to be charged on a straight-line basis. On December 31, at the end of its fifth year in operations, it is disposed of.
Required:
1. Prepare journal entries to record the machine's disposal under each of the following separate assumptions:
a. Record the sale of the used machine for $21,000 cash.
b. Record the sale of the used machine for $84,000 cash.
c. Record the insurance settlement received of $31,500 resulting from the total destruction of the machine in a fire.

a. Debit Other income/disposal account (p/l)   $204,000

   Credit Asset account  $204,000

Being entries to derecognize cost of  asset on disposal

   Debit Accumulated depreciation account  $150,800

   Credit Other income/disposal account (p/l)  $150,800

Being entries to derecognize the accumulated depreciation of asset as at date of disposal

   Debit Cash account  $21,000

   Credit Other income/disposal account (p/l)  $21,000

Being entries to record amount received on disposal of asset

b. Debit Other income/disposal account (p/l)   $204,000

   Credit Asset account  $204,000

Being entries to derecognize cost of  asset on disposal

   Debit Accumulated depreciation account  $150,800

   Credit Other income/disposal account (p/l)  $150,800

Being entries to derecognize the accumulated depreciation of asset as at date of disposal

   Debit Cash account  $84,000

   Credit Other income/disposal account (p/l)   $84,000

c. Debit Other income/disposal account (p/l)   $204,000

   Credit Asset account  $204,000

   Debit Accumulated depreciation account   $150,800

   Credit Other income/disposal account (p/l)   $150,800

Being entries to derecognize the accumulated depreciation of asset as at date of destruction of machine by fire

   Debit Cash account   $31,500

   Credit Other income/disposal account (p/l)   $31,500

Being entries received on the insurance settlement

Explanation:

Depreciation is the systematic allocation of the cost of an asset to the income statement over the estimated useful life of that asset.

It is determined as the depreciable value of the asset over the estimated useful life of the asset where the depreciable value is the difference between the cost and salvage value of the asset

Mathematically,  

Depreciation = (Cost - Salvage value)/Estimated useful life

When the amount received from the disposal of an asset is higher than the carrying value of the asset, the company makes a gain on disposal. The proceed from the disposal of an asset may be recorded in the disposal or other income account.

On disposal, the carrying amount of the asset is derecognized by  

Debit Other income/disposal account (p/l)

Credit Asset account  

with the cost of the asset, then,

Debit Accumulated depreciation account

Credit Other income/disposal account (p/l)

With the accumulated depreciation of the asset at the date of disposal,

Furthermore,

Debit Cash account

Credit Other income/disposal account (p/l)

with the amount received from the disposal or sale of the asset

Total cost = $192000 + $10000 + $2000

= $204,000

Depreciation

= ($192000 + $10000 + $2000 - $23040)/6

= $30,160

Accumulated depreciation at the end of its fifth year

= 5 * $30,160

= $150,800

oof

explanation:

f

reducing the scale of the market for a new product.