A process by which banks designate an area within which they refuse to lend money for improvements is

Redlining

Explanation:

Redlining by banks refers to the bank marking out an area on the map in which they indicate areas or neighborhoods they don't want to make loans to. Areas marked signifies areas they don't want to invest in or make loans to individuals in those areas. The areas marked however are usually associated with people of some certain kind of socio economic characteristics, mostly pertaining to race in the United states. Other socioeconomic characteristics that is usually marked out is areas characterized by low income earners.

Redlining

Explanation:

Redlining is a practice in which a bank refuses to lend money for improvement either in loans , mortgages , credit card , insurance and others due to income , race , ethnicity , geographical location .It is seen to be a discriminatory and an illegal act.

It can be direct through a direct decline of services as mentioned above or indirect through higher interest rates for borrowers from specific regions or certain racial groups.

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