Lopez Company has a single employee, who earns a salary of $192,000 per year. That employee is paid on the 15th and last day of each month. On January 15, Lopez is subject to the following payroll taxes: FICA–Social Security Taxes (at 6.2% of the first $118,500 each employee earns in the calendar year), FICA–Medicare Taxes (at 1.45%), FUTA (at 0.6% of the first $7,000 each employee earns in the calendar year), and SUTA (at 5.4% of the first $7,000 each employee earns in the calendar year). The journal entry to record the employer's payroll tax expense and related liabilities would include a debit to:

On september 12, ryan company sold merchandise in the amount of $5,800 to johnson company, with credit terms of 2/10, n/30. the cost of the items sold is $4,000. ryan uses the periodic inventory system and the net method of accounting for sales. on september 14, johnson returns some of the non-defective merchandise, which is restored to inventory. the selling price of the returned merchandise is $500 and the cost of the merchandise returned is $350. the entry or entries that ryan must make on september 14 is (are): multiple choice sales returns and allowances 490 accounts receivable 490 merchandise inventory 350 cost of goods sold 350 sales returns and allowances 490 accounts receivable 490 sales returns and allowances 500 accounts receivable 500 sales returns and allowances 490 accounts receivable 490 merchandise inventory 343 cost of goods sold 343 sales returns and allowances 350 accounts receivable 350

University car wash built a deluxe car wash across the street from campus. the new machines cost $219,000 including installation. the company estimates that the equipment will have a residual value of $19,500. university car wash also estimates it will use the machine for six years or about 12,500 total hours. actual use per year was as follows: year hours used 1 3,100 2 1,100 3 1,200 4 2,800 5 2,600 6 1,200 prepare a depreciation schedule for six years using the following methods: 1. straight-line. 2. double-declining-balance. 3. activity-based.

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.