A potential cause of internal invalidity in an experiment, due to the subjects getting older between the pre- and posttests, becoming more experienced, more (or less) intelligent, or physically stronger.?

a. Experimental validity

b. Hawthorne effect

c. Maturation

d. Involvement error

Acompany has two products: standard and deluxe. the company expects to produce 36,375 standard units and 62,240 deluxe units. it uses activity-based costing and has prepared the following analysis showing budgeted cost and cost driver activity for each of its three activity cost pools.budgeted activity of cost driver activity cost pool budgeted cost standard deluxe activity 1 $ 93,000 2,500 5,250 activity 2 $ 92,000 4,500 5,500 activity 3 $ 87,000 3,000 2,800 what is the overhead cost per unit for the standard units? what is the overhead cost per unit for the deluxe units? (round activity rate and cost per unit answers to 2 decimal places.)activity expected costs expected activity driver activity rate1 93,000 2 92,000 3 87,000 standard activity activity driver activity rate allocated costs1 2 3

Engberg company installs lawn sod in home yards. the company’s most recent monthly contribution format income statement follows: amount percent of sales sales $ 80,000 100% variable expenses 32,000 40% contribution margin 48,000 60% fixed expenses 38,000 net operating income $ 10,000 required: 1. compute the company’s degree of operating leverage. (round your answer to 1 decimal place.) 2. using the degree of operating leverage, estimate the impact on net operating income of a 5% increase in sales. (do not round intermediate calculations.) 3. construct a new contribution format income statement for the company assuming a 5% increase in sales.

In a recent annual report, apple computer reported the following in one of its disclosure notes: "warranty expense: the company provides currently for the estimated cost for product warranties at the time the related revenue is recognized." this note exemplifies apple's use of: (a) conservatism.(b) matching. (c) realization principle. (d) economic entity.