In 2002 Ortega's nominal income rose by 4.6 percent and the price level rose by 1.6 percent. We can conclude that Ortega's real income: a may have either increased or decreased. b rose by 6.2 percent. c rose by 3 percent. d fell by 13 percent.

Which of the following best explains why online retail companies have an advantage over regular stores? a. their employees make less money because they mostly perform unskilled tasks. b. they are able to keep distribution costs low by negotiating deals with shipping companies. c. their transactions require expensive state-of-the-art technological devices. d. they have a larger number of potential customers because people anywhere can buy from them.