Although e-mail has replaced paper memos for many messages inside organizations and for some letters to external audiences, hard-copy messages tend to carry more weight and are taken more seriously.

True or False

For 2016, gourmet kitchen products reported $22 million of sales and $19 million of operating costs (including depreciation). the company has $15 million of total invested capital. its after-tax cost of capital is 10%, and its federal-plus-state income tax rate was 36%. what was the firm’s economic value added (eva), that is, how much value did management add to stockholders’ wealth during 2016?