Trade policy instruments are designed with one thing in mind: protectionism. Most are unambiguously pro-domestic producer and anti-consumer. Domestic producers mainly gain due to greater protection from foreign competition, whereas consumers lose by facing higher prices and lower product variety. Governments intervene in international trade for political and economic reasons. Choices are abundant when selecting from the "arsenal" of trade weapons, including tariffs, subsidies, import quotas, voluntary export restraints (VERs), local content requirements (LCRs), administrative policies, and antidumping duties. Nations usually adopt trade regulations to achieve stated national objectives, but these regulations may have undesirable effects on many sectors of the economy, including higher prices for consumers, overproduction of agricultural products, and the insulation of nonefficient producers.

Each container is cut from the mould once the plastic has cooled and hardened. unit-level 2 patents are obtained for each new type of container mould. facility-level 3. plastic resins are used as the main direct material for the containers. product-level 4. a plant manager oversees the entire manufacturing operation. facility-level 5. the sales force incurs travel expenses to attend various trade shows throughout the country to market the containers. product-level 6. each container product line has a product line manager. product-level 7 the extrusion machine is calibrated for each batch of containers made. facility-level 8. each type of container has its own unique moulds. unit-level 9. routine maintenance is performed on the extrusion machines. facility-level 10. rent is paid for the building that houses the manufacturing processes. classify each activity as either unit-level, batch-level, product-level, or facility-level.