Ladder Works has debt outstanding with a coupon rate of 6 percent and a yield to maturity of 6.8 percent. What is the aftertax cost of debt if the tax rate is 21 percent

The common stock and debt of northern sludge are valued at $65 million and $35 million, respectively. investors currently require a return of 15.9% on the common stock and a return of 7.8% on the debt. if northern sludge issues an additional $14 million of common stock and uses this money to retire debt, what happens to the expected return on the stock? assume that the change in capital structure does not affect the interest rate on northern’s debt and that there are no taxes.