Which of the following is NOT an example of a project? a. Constructing highways, bridges, tunnels and dams b. Managing research and development (R&D) activities such as the development of the atomic bomb c. Running political or advertising campaigns, war or fire-fighting operations d. Building MP3 players for massive distribution

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.

Which of the following is least likely to a team solve problems together

An allergy products superstore buys 6000 of their most popular model of air filters each year. the price of the air filters is $18. the cost of ordering and receiving shipments is $12 per order. accounting estimates annual carrying costs are 20% of the price. the supplier lead time is 2 days. the store operates 240 days per year. each order is received from the supplier in a single delivery. there are no quantity discounts. what is the store’s minimum total annual cost of placing orders & carrying inventory?