A 20-year maturity, 7.6% coupon bond paying coupons semiannually is callable in seven years at a call price of $1,170. The bond currently sells at a yield to maturity of 6.6% (3.30% per half-year).

What is the yield to call?

What is the yield to call if the call price is only $1,120?

What is the yield to call if the call price is $1,170 but the bond can be called in four years instead of seven years?

a) YTC 5.895%

b) YTC being call at 1,120 6.6853%

c) we change time and call price 1,170 = 5.33189%

Explanation:

we have to calculate with excel for the PV of the coupon payment and the call price which matches the the

First we calculate the price of the bond:

C38.000 1,000 x 7.6% / 2

time40 (20 years x 2payment per year )

rate0.033

PV$837.2785

Maturity   1,000.00

time   40.00

rate  0.033

PV   272.89

PV c$837.2785

PV m  $272.8897

Total$1,110.1682

Now we solve for the YTC

given a price of 1,110 we receive an annuity of 38 dollars during 7 years and recieve 1,170

we do it in excel:

=PV(A2;14;38)+1,110.17/power(1+A2;28)

the first part is the coupon payment the second maturity

now we solve using goal seek to make this formula worth 1,170 changin a2 which is when we put a rate reference

a) 0.058950255

b)

=PV(A2;14;38)+1,110.17/power(1+A2;28)

we determinate our target as 1,120

0.066853426

c) we change time:

=PV(A2;8;38)+1,110.17/power(1+A2;8)

0.053318904

corrosion is a natural process, which converts a refined metal to a more chemically-stable form, such as its oxide, hydroxide, or sulfide. it is the gradual destruction of materials (usually metals) by chemical and/or electrochemical reaction with their environment.

explanation: