Sarah Wiggum would like to make a single investment and have $2.4 million at the time of her retirement in 40 years. She has found a mutual fund that will earn 5 percent annually. How much will Sarah have to invest today? If Sarah invests that amount and could earn a 15 percent annual return, how soon could she retire, assuming she is still going to retire when she has $2.4 million?

Brian has just finished college. he wants to set up a small business to make and sell fireworks. he registers his company and acquires a license from the government. he finds that most of his competitors are selling fireworks at an extremely low price. he would like to make more money, so he decides to innovate and develop better fireworks. he sells his fireworks at a higher price, and they are a huge hit with the customers. after a few years, he earns enough profit to set up a bigger fireworks factory that complies with the government’s health and safety regulations. he even starts exporting fireworks overseas. which type of economy does this scenario describe?