is the ideology of free-market capitalism emphasizing privatization and unregulated markets.

Afirm's before-tax cost of debt, rd, is the interest rate that the firm must pay on debt. because interest is tax deductible, the relevant cost of debt used to calculate a firm's wacc is the cost of debt, rd (1 – t). the cost of debt is used in calculating the wacc because we are interested in maximizing the value of the firm's stock, and the stock price depends on cash flows. it is important to emphasize that the cost of debt is the interest rate on debt, not debt because our primary concern with the cost of capital is its use in capital budgeting decisions. the rate at which the firm has borrowed in the past is because we need to know the cost of capital. for these reasons, the on outstanding debt (which reflects current market conditions) is a better measure of the cost of debt than the . the on the company's -term debt is generally used to calculate the cost of debt because more often than not, the capital is being raised to fund -term projects. quantitative problem: 5 years ago, barton industries issued 25-year noncallable, semiannual bonds with a $1,600 face value and a 8% coupon, semiannual payment ($64 payment every 6 months). the bonds currently sell for $845.87. if the firm's marginal tax rate is 40%, what is the firm's after-tax cost of debt? round your answer to 2 decimal places. do not round intermediate calcu

Andy purchases only two goods, apples (a) and kumquats (k). he has an income of $125 and can buy apples at $5 per pound and kumquats at $5 per pound. his utility function is u(a, k) = 6a + 2k. what is his marginal utility for apples and his marginal utility for kumquats? andy's marginal utility for apples (mu subscript a) is mu subscript aequals 6 and his marginal utility for kumquats (mu subscript k) is

2. activities included (and not included) in the calculation ofgdp the gross domestic product (gdp) of the united states is defined as the all in a given period of time. based on this definition, indicate which of the following transactions will be included in (that is, directly increase) the gdp of the united states in 2017. scenario 2017 gdp included excluded calculo, a u.s. electronics company, produces a calculator at a plant in indonesia on march 17, 2017. calculo imports the calculator into the united states on may 21, 2017. awake cafe, a u.s. coffee company, produces a latte at its location in minneapolis on january 9, 2017. it sells the latte to a customer immediately. fastlane, a japanese automobile company, produces a sedan at a plant in indiana on december 12, 2017. a family buys the sedan on december 24. you chop down a cherry tree on your property in california and make a dining room table in 2017. a similar table sells for $800 in a local furniture store. graincorp, a u.s. agricultural company, produces corn syrup at a plant in iowa on september 19, 2017. it sells the corn syrup to crunchy's for use in the production of cereal that will be made in the united states in 2017. (note: focus exclusively on whether production of the corn syrup increases gdp directly, and ignore the effect of production of the cereal on gdp.)