Beth brant, production supervisor at trustworthy tools mfg., inc. believes that her employees dislike work, avoid responsibility, and therefore they need to be controlled and directed. beth is a:

Theory x manager

Explanation:

The concept of theory X and theory Y manager was introduced by Douglas McGregor.

Theory X managers are authoritarian, they believe that people do not like their jobs and must be forced to perform. They tend to micromanage their teams.

On the other hand if you believe people will take ownership of their jobs and put in their best to perform effectively, this is a theory Y manager.

being born in poverty would limit the people's chances, opportunities and benefits.

this happen because of several things, such as:

- poor people tend to gain less access to good education and nutrition. this mean that their chance to obtain high paying jobs would also be limited.

- poor people tend to socialize with other poor people while the rich tend to socialize with other rich people. this means that simply throguh their social circle, rich people would have more business opportunities compared to the poor people.

- rich people tend to have more capital in their disposal. this would benefit them in business since it is far easier for them to fund their business operation compared to poor people.